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北京新東方酷學(xué)酷玩夏令營：

　　 主謂一致       

　　【要點點撥】

　　英語句子中謂語動詞的數(shù)必須與主語的人稱和數(shù)取得一致，這就叫做主謂一致。解決主謂一致主要遵循三個原則：語法一致原則、意義一致原則和就近一致原則。

　　1：either , neither , each , one , the other , another , anybody , anyone , anything , somebody , someone , something , everything ,everybody , everyone ,no one , nothing ,nobody 做主語時，謂語一般用單數(shù)。

　　neither of the two sentences is correct .

　　everything around us is matter .

　　(注意：none , neither, all ,any作主語時，謂語可用單數(shù)，也可用復(fù)數(shù)，具體取決于說話人的意思。)

　　none of them owns/own a car .

　　neither of the boys are / is interested in geography.

　　all are here. and all that can be done has been done.

　　2 ：表示“時間、距離、金額、重量、面積、體積、容積”等度量的名詞做主語時，謂語用單數(shù)。

　　five minutes is enough .

　　four hundred francs is a lot of money .

　　3：each …and each …，every …and every ;no …and no ;many a …and many a …等結(jié)構(gòu)由于強調(diào)個體行為，因此謂語動詞使用單數(shù)。

　　each boy and each girl has got a new english-chinese dictionary .

　　no sound and no voice is heard for a long time .

　　4：從句、不定式、動名詞或短語作主語時謂語動詞使用單數(shù)形式。

　　to say something is one thing , to do it is another .（to say something , to do 是不定式）

　　“how do you do?” is not a question but a greeting .（how do you do ?是句子，作主語）

　　(注意：what 引導(dǎo)主語從句時應(yīng)注意其所指的具體內(nèi)容來確定謂語的單復(fù)數(shù)。)

　　what we need is more time ,while what they need are more doctors and medicines .

　　5：one and a half 后面帶名詞的復(fù)數(shù)，謂語動詞常用單數(shù)。

　　one and half bananas is left on the table .

　　6：用and 連接的兩個名詞表示單一概念時謂語動詞使用單數(shù)。

　　the headmaster and party secretary is going abroad next month .

　　bread and butter is my usual breakfast .

　　7 ：有些名詞呈復(fù)數(shù)形式，但并不表示復(fù)數(shù)概念。

　　the news is disappointing that a chemical works is to be built in the west of the city .

　　8：名詞由and 或both …and 連接主語時，謂語動詞使用復(fù)數(shù)形式。

　　both coffee and beer are on sale in the shop .